The invention provides a weighting method based on the spot area of point cloud, which belongs to the method of improving the fitting accuracy of point cloud in the field of three-dimensional modeling. The technical features are as follows: (1) the projection surface of the laser spot is obtained by constructing a function according to the divergence angle of the laser beam and the distance from the laser source to the spot; (2) the area of the spot is calculated from the relationship between the projection surface, the spot area and the incident angle of the laser beam, and the spot diameter is further calculated; (3) according to the 3_principle of normal distribution, the projection surface is obtained. The point position error caused by the size of the spot area is defined, and the quantitative expression of the effect of the shape of the scanned object on the scanning accuracy is obtained. (4) The point position accuracy model of three-dimensional laser scanning is established by the quantitative expression, and the weight matrix is determined. The advantages of the present invention are that the influence of the appearance characteristics of the object on the spot area formed by the light beam is considered, and the relationship between the spot area and the scanning point accuracy is analyzed. On this basis, the weighting method is more suitable for the point cloud characteristics of three-dimensional laser scanning, and the fitting accuracy of the point cloud can be effectively improved.
【技术实现步骤摘要】
一种基于点云光斑面积的定权方法
本专利技术属于三维激光扫描点云建模领域，具体是一种基于点云光斑面积的定权方法，以期对光束在被扫描物体外观特性的影响做更全面的定量分析。
技术介绍
因三维激光扫描仪是根据从物体表面返回的信号来获取物体的信息，因此，点云数据质量与被扫描物体的反射激光的路径和强度也有关，而反射路径和强度受物体外观物理特性的影响，其中物理特性包括外观形状和物体的材质、颜色、粗糙度、温度等，由于被扫描物体外观的材质、颜色、粗糙度和温度等各异，所以根据研究物体的外观形状对点位精度的影响，从而更合理的定权。物体外观形状的不同直接影响光束的入射角和光束到达物体表面的光斑面积，因此在研究被扫描物体外观对点位精度影响问题中除考虑入射角因素还需顾及光束到达物体表面时的光斑面积因素，而光斑面积可通过光束发散角推出。因此，寻求一种更合理的定权方式很有必要。本专利技术在激光光束到达物体所形成的光斑面积为依据，对三维激光扫描物体的点云数据进行定权，以期对于物体外观特性对点云形光斑面积的影响做更全面的定量分析。
技术实现思路
本专利技术提供了一种基于点云光斑面积的定权方法，该方法将扫...
【技术保护点】
1.一种基于点云光斑面积的定权方法，其特征包括以下步骤：步骤1，根据激光光束的发散角以及激光源到达光斑的距离构建函数，求出光斑的投影面；S┴＝πρ2sin2(ε/2) (1)其中，α已知光束的入射角，S入射激光光束
【技术特征摘要】
1.一种基于点云光斑面积的定权方法，其特征包括以下步骤：步骤1，根据激光光束的发散角以及激光源到达光斑的距离构建函数，求出光斑的投影面；S┴＝πρ2sin2(ε/2)(1)其中，α已知光束的入射角，S入射激光光束到达物体表面的光斑面积，ε光束发散角，S┴光斑的投影面积，ρ激光源到光斑的距离；步骤2，将步骤1求出的光斑投影面与激光光束的入射角构建函数，求出入射激光光束在物体表面形成的光斑面积；S⊥＝Scosα(2)S＝πρ2sin2(ε/2)/cosα(3)步骤3，考虑光斑面积与被扫描物体外观特性对点位精度的影响，结合步骤2求出的点云光斑面积，建立光斑面积和光斑直径的数学表达式，推出光斑面积的直径；步骤4，根据正态分布的3σ原则以及步骤3求出的光斑直径，对光斑大小引起的点位误差进行定义，得出被扫描物体外观形状对扫描精度影响的定量表达式；步骤5：将步骤4获得的表达式建立点位精度模型，确定权阵；Pi＝σi(6)。2.根据权利要求1所述的顾及光束入射角和发散角的定权方法，其特征在于：本发明所论述的定权方法，将激光光束的入射角、入射激光光束到达物体表...
【专利技术属性】
技术研发人员：刘超，贾雪，蒋荣华，赵兴旺，
申请(专利权)人：安徽理工大学，
类型：发明
国别省市：安徽,34
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