The present invention relates to a hard branch cutting method of straight rod elm, which includes the following steps: preparing the cuttage matrix, mixing it evenly after disinfection, and then spreading it on the bed; selecting the cuttings and the mother tree: selecting the 1 year lignification branches of the 1~3 year old female trees as the cuttings; cutting the lignification parts of the middle and lower parts of the cuttings and dip the cuttings below. In the root agent, it was then placed in the sand bed to urge root; cutting: when the root primordia were produced, the cuttage was opened. After cutting, the cuttage was managed: to keep the seedling substrate moist, breathable and without water, to cultivate the cuttings to the root and germinate, and to get the seedlings of the elm. The method provided by the invention is simple in operation and low in cost. Compared with the traditional cuttage seedling method, not only the seedling rate is high, but also the cultivation of the seedlings per unit area is large, and the cultivated roots of the seedlings of the elm seedlings are developed, and the survival rate is high, and it is not easy to be infringed by the bacteria in the soil. In addition, the cutting method of the invention has significantly shortened the seedling raising cycle and reduced the cost of seedling raising, and has wide application value.
【技术实现步骤摘要】
直杆榆硬枝扦插育苗方法
本专利技术涉及苗木育种
,具体涉及一种直杆榆硬枝扦插育苗方法。
技术介绍
榆树作为我国重要的造林树种,对于自然林业发展和扩大森林资源有着重要的意义,尤其是在我国北方生态修复中占有很大比重。目前,榆树繁殖主要采用播种育苗、扦插育苗和嫁接育苗等几种主要方式,上述几种方式均存在种种不足之处,具体如下:采用播种育苗方式,为了提高种子品质,种子选自15~30年生健壮母树,及时采种,使其自然阴干,轻轻去掉种翅,避免损伤种子。该法繁殖率高,但是,种子不易储藏,而且种子育苗分离现象严重。采用扦插育苗方式,秋季落叶后,采集母树上的根蘖条或一年生苗干作为种条,沙藏催芽,然后进行扦插;但该法受季节影响较大。采用嫁接育苗方式,榆树接穗是一年生穗条,砧木为当年生榆树根桩,采用芽接或劈接等嫁接方法,嫁接时,把砧木地上部剪掉,在土中扒出砧木,露出红皮生根进行嫁接,费工费时,难以大批量繁殖。组织培育技术繁殖率高,但成本过于昂贵,而且组织培养繁殖生根也只有30%,无法满足需要,且该法成本高,不能在生产中大量应用。上述方法普遍存在榆树扦插育苗成活率低,操作条件苛刻等缺点 ...
【技术保护点】
一种直杆榆硬枝扦插育苗方法,其特征在于:所述扦插育苗方法包括:扦插基质处理、选取插条及母树、插条处理、扦插以及扦插后管理步骤。
【技术特征摘要】
1.一种直杆榆硬枝扦插育苗方法,其特征在于:所述扦插育苗方法包括:扦插基质处理、选取插条及母树、插条处理、扦插以及扦插后管理步骤。2.根据权利要求1所述的直杆榆硬枝扦插育苗方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:扦插基质处理:配制扦插基质,将所述扦插基质消毒后搅拌均匀,之后均匀铺于插床上,并保持扦插基质的厚度为15cm~20cm;选取插条及母树:在冬季直杆榆落叶之后,第二年春天发芽之前,选择1~3年生母树的1年生木质化枝条作插条,将选取的1年生硬枝剪成15~20cm长的插条,且保证插条直径为0.5~2.0cm;插条处理:剪取所述插条中下部的木质化部分,将剪取后插条的下端浸于促根剂中,之后置于沙床进行催根;扦插:待插条产生根原基时,将插条于育苗基质中开沟扦插,保持扦插时形态学上端朝上,且扦插深度为露出苗穗最上端的芽,并于扦插之后浇水;扦插后管理:保持育苗基质湿润、透气且无积水,培养插条至生根发芽,得到直杆榆幼苗。3.根据权利要求2所述的直杆榆硬枝扦插育苗方法,其特征在于:所述得到直杆榆幼苗之后还包括步骤:当所述直杆榆幼苗根系产生2次根,且不定根由白色变为褐色时进行移栽,最终培育得到直杆榆...
【专利技术属性】
技术研发人员:董绍贵,石冠旗,刘振华,陈培培,杨倩倩,席红涛,李阳,
申请(专利权)人:安徽泓森高科林业股份有限公司,
类型:发明
国别省市:安徽,34
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