The invention discloses a method for fine fertilization of flue-cured tobacco in tobacco cultivation. In tobacco cultivation, in determining the amount of application of nitrogen, the nitrogen and potassium base all organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer and all 30% 40% fertilizer, tobacco seedling to rosette 3 times with 2 hours of nitrogen and potassium ratio of 1:1 water soluble fertilizer against water 0.5% applied with 1% concentration of tobacco roots, rosette to bud when the rest of the water soluble nitrogen and potassium fertilizer 3 4 times against the water concentration of 1.5% with 3% of the applied root distribution intensive areas. The present invention in dry year than conventional methods [the dry application, mainly as base fertilizer (total fertilizer 70%), deep fertilizing soil, early topdressing (30 days after transplanting after topdressing)] tobacco yield increased by 5.7% ~ 8.4%, the average price increased by 6.2% ~ 9.3%, the output value increased by 12.9% ~ 18.7%. The quality of tobacco is higher, fertilizer utilization rate increased 9% ~ 10.3%. In the rainy year than conventional methods [the implementation of dry fertilizer as base fertilizer mainly (total fertilization 70%), deep fertilizing soil, early topdressing (30 days after transplanting after topdressing)] tobacco yield increased by 3.2% ~ 6.4%, the average price increased by 6.9% ~ 8.5%, the output value increased by 8.4% ~ 11.3%, the quality of tobacco leaves higher fertilizer, improve the utilization rate of 7.5% ~ 8.2%.
【技术实现步骤摘要】
一种烤烟精益施肥方法
本专利技术涉及一种烟草栽培中的烤烟精益施肥方法,可以减少因天气变化影响肥料的吸收而对烟叶产质量产生影响,提高烟株前期对肥料的吸收利用,减少肥料的残留或流失对后期烟叶产质量的影响,提高烟叶产量和品质。
技术介绍
烟草是旱作经济作物,土壤、气候等生态条件和养分供应对烟叶产、质量影响很大,俗话说“好是一团宝,差是一堆草(不值钱)”,合理施肥是优质稳产的关键性措施,必须根据烟草的营养特性和需肥规律做到合理施肥。氮素营养对烤烟产量和质量的影响较大,氮素不足,烟草植株矮小,叶小而薄,叶色发黄,产量低,品质差;氮素过量,烟株生长过旺,叶色浓绿,烟筋粗大,叶大而厚,成熟缓慢,贪青晚熟,难烘烤,烤后叶片色泽暗,油分缺乏,吃味辛辣,品质差。磷不足时氮代谢受阻,烟株根系发育不良,对氮和钾的吸收也降低。充足的的钾素能提高烟叶中淀粉和糖的含量,促进烟叶适时落黄,烤后色泽鲜亮,身份好,香气足,吃味醇和,燃烧性好。烟草大田期各生育期养分吸收的规律是还苗前后对养分的吸收很少,团棵期前后逐渐增加,烟草对营养的大量吸收是在旺长期(团棵至旺现蕾),现蕾时烟株对氮、磷、钾的吸收达最高峰,现蕾后对氮钾的吸收很少。根据上述吸肥特点,在烟株生长的前中期应保持土壤一定浓度的养分供应,促进烟株正常生长,进入成熟期以后,土壤中可利用氮素应基本耗尽,以利于烟叶的落黄成熟,即烟草的需肥规律是“少时富,老来贫,烟棵长成肥退劲”。烟草是旱作作物,目前,烟草种植栽培中的施肥方法实行干施,以基施为主(占总施肥量的70%)、深施覆土、早追施(移栽后30天内追施完),地膜覆盖栽培的烟株还实行一次性基施 ...
【技术保护点】
一种烤烟精益施肥方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:在烟草种植栽培中,在确定了氮磷钾的施用量后,把全部有机肥和全部磷肥和30%‑40%的氮、钾肥基施,烟株返苗以后至团棵时分2‑3次用氮钾比为1:1的水溶性氮钾肥兑水配成0.5%‑1%浓度淋施根部,烟株团棵以后至现蕾时把剩下的水溶性氮钾肥分3‑4次兑水配成1.5%‑3%的浓度淋施根系分布密集的地方。
【技术特征摘要】
1.一种烤烟精益施肥方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:在烟草种植栽培中,在确定了氮磷钾的施用量后,把全部有机肥和全部磷肥和30%-40%的氮、钾肥基施,烟株返苗以后至团棵时分2...
【专利技术属性】
技术研发人员:傅献忠,
申请(专利权)人:广东省烟草南雄科学研究所,傅献忠,
类型:发明
国别省市:广东,44
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