The invention relates to the field of coal mining, in particular to the method of fully mechanized top-coal caving mining in one-time mining in Extra-thick seam. After the pre-mining top-slicing face is laid out on the roof of coal seam and the thickness of the bottom slicing meets the requirements of top-coal caving, the air inlet roadway of the top-coal caving face is laid along the bottom of the pre-mining top-slicing face, along the roof of coal seam and separated from the pre-mining roof. The return air roadway is arranged in the same level of the solid coal in the working face. When the openings of the two mining roadways are cut through, the thickness of the coal seam near the side slope of the solid coal roadway and the roof of the coal seam in the pre-mining roof slicing mining roadway meets the caving requirements, and the roof coal in the full length of the working face meets the requirements of the first caving. When the next working face is laid out, the pre-mining roof slicing face is no longer laid out, and the top coal is laid out directly according to the pre-mining roof slicing face. The top coal in the full-length range of the same working face meets the caving requirement. The traditional pre-mining roof slicing face in Extra-thick seam is cancelled, and the caving mining technology of one-time full-height mining in Extra-thick seam is realized.
【技术实现步骤摘要】
特厚煤层一次采全高综合机械化放顶煤开采的方法
本专利技术涉及煤炭开采领域,尤其涉及特厚煤层一次采全高综合机械化放顶煤开采的方法。
技术介绍
综合机械化放顶煤采煤方法是我国目前开采厚煤层的主要方法,在开采近水平、缓倾斜或中斜煤层时,先采出煤层底部长壁工作面的煤,随即放采上部顶煤的采煤方法。特厚煤层指煤层厚度超过8m的煤层,在采用长壁式采煤方法时,开采特厚煤层的方法仅有分层采煤方法与综合机械化放顶煤采煤方法两种,分层开采由于巷道工程量大、单产低、成本高与搬家倒面多等原因,已于上世纪90年代逐渐被淘汰,目前综合机械化放顶煤采煤法是我国特厚煤层的唯一具有普遍适用性的成熟技术,但是由于国家在《煤矿安全规程》中明确规定采用综合机械化放顶煤开采时,放顶煤厚度与机采高度之比不能超过3,按照常见的机采高度2-3m,则可一次放出高度的上限为9m,也即满足一次综合机械化放顶煤的煤层厚度上限为12m。如果煤层厚度超过12m,目前常规的做法是沿着煤层顶板布置一个2-3m的顶分层长壁工作面,待其开采结束后,在沿煤层底板布置放顶煤工作面,将两个工作面之间的顶煤放出。为了将煤层厚度全部采出,在纵 ...
【技术保护点】
1.实现特厚煤层一次采全高综合机械化放顶煤开采的方法,其特征在于,包括以下过程:a、特厚煤层开采时,沿着煤层顶板首先布置一个顶分层长壁综采工作面,将顶分层的煤体采出,综采工作面下方煤层厚度满足一次综合机械化放顶煤开采高度;b、在煤层顶部综采工作面下方沿着煤层底板布置下分层工作面进风巷道,沿着煤层顶板布置工作面回风巷道;c、贯通工作面进风巷道与回风巷道时,沿着煤层底板向煤层顶板进行开切眼,在到达顶分层综采工作面回风巷外帮时,要求起坡段与煤层顶板之间的煤层厚度满足一次放顶煤要求;d、在特厚煤层中布置第三个工作面时,按照b、c所述方式即可满足一次采全高综合机械化放顶煤开采。
【技术特征摘要】
1.实现特厚煤层一次采全高综合机械化放顶煤开采的方法,其特征在于,包括以下过程:a、特厚煤层开采时,沿着煤层顶板首先布置一个顶分层长壁综采工作面,将顶分层的煤体采出,综采工作面下方煤层厚度满足一次综合机械化放顶煤开采高度;b、在煤层顶部综采工作面下方沿着煤层底板布置下分层工作面进风巷道,沿着煤层顶板布置工作面回风巷道;c、贯通工作面进风巷道与回风巷道时,沿着煤层底板向煤层顶板进行开切眼,在到达顶分层综采工作面回风巷外帮时,要求起坡段与煤层顶板之间的煤层厚度满足一次放顶煤要求;d、在特厚煤层中布置第三个工作面时,按照b、c所述方式即可满足一次采全高综合机械化放顶煤开采。2.根据权利要求1所述的特厚煤层一次采全高综合机械化放顶煤开采的方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤a中,沿着煤层顶板布置区段进风巷与区段回风巷,进行开切眼,形成顶分层长壁回采工作面,将顶分层煤体采掉,综采...
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