The invention discloses a structure for energy dissipation and erosion reduction of a spillway tunnel. By setting a pressurized structure in the high flow velocity section of the spillway tunnel, the stilling bucket makes the water flow form a hydraulic jump before the pressure structure and dissipates energy, and exerts a reverse force on the downstream water flow, thus causing the water flow to jump in the tunnel, making the flow pattern rapidly change from jet to slow flow, and at the same time, at the top of the tailrace, the original spillway tunnel is transformed into slow flow. The top and bottom pressures form a pressure gradient with gradually decreasing height and control the downstream flow velocity of the spillway tunnel through the outlet height of the pressure section, thus greatly reducing the flow velocity in the tunnel, making the flow form a pressure flow between the tail sill and the pressure slope. After energy dissipation and hydraulic jump energy dissipation in the energy dissipation section and flow regulation in the pressure section, the flow velocity entering the downstream section of the spillway tunnel will be significantly reduced, thus realizing the reduction of the flow velocity in the tunnel and reducing the flow velocity. Because of the risk of cavitation erosion on the wall of spillway tunnel caused by high velocity of flow, the structure is simple in shape and has prominent energy dissipation effect, so it has great application value.
【技术实现步骤摘要】
一种泄洪洞消能减蚀结构
本专利技术属于水利工程
,具体涉及一种泄洪洞消能减蚀结构。
技术介绍
水利水电工程中,无压隧洞是经常使用的一种泄水建筑物。随着大型水利水电枢纽工程的建设,泄洪洞泄流量显著增大,泄洪水头也直线升高,高水头必然带来高流速问题,从而使泄水建筑物面临极大的空蚀风险。一般地,工程上通常采用在泄水建筑物断面流速达到25~30m/s流速位置增设掺气设施,通过源源不断地向水体通入空气从而对过流壁面形成掺气保护。该方法施工简单,效果显著,在工程界得到了广泛的应用;但是,对于部分小底坡泄洪洞且洞内水深较大的情况,由于水流弗劳德数相对较小,掺气空腔往往极易被回水淹没,从而无法实现向水流通气的目的。常规无压泄洪洞布置如图1所示。极端情况下,掺气坎的设置不但未能实现良好的通气,掺气坎反而成为突体空化源,进而造成泄洪洞的结构破坏。
技术实现思路
本专利技术的目的在于提供一种泄洪洞消能减蚀结构,以克服现有技术的不足。为达到上述目的,本专利技术采用如下技术方案:一种泄洪洞消能减蚀结构,包括设置于泄洪洞中游段的消能减蚀段和有压段,消能减蚀段设置于有压段上游,消能减蚀段的泄 ...
【技术保护点】
1.一种泄洪洞消能减蚀结构,其特征在于,包括设置于泄洪洞中游段的消能减蚀段和有压段,消能减蚀段设置于有压段上游,消能减蚀段的泄洪洞洞顶高度高于泄洪洞上游洞顶高度,有压段的泄洪洞底板上设有消力坎,消力坎高于泄洪洞底板高度,在有压段顶部将原泄洪洞洞顶下压形成高度逐渐降低的压坡结构。
【技术特征摘要】
1.一种泄洪洞消能减蚀结构,其特征在于,包括设置于泄洪洞中游段的消能减蚀段和有压段,消能减蚀段设置于有压段上游,消能减蚀段的泄洪洞洞顶高度高于泄洪洞上游洞顶高度,有压段的泄洪洞底板上设有消力坎,消力坎高于泄洪洞底板高度,在有压段顶部将原泄洪洞洞顶下压形成高度逐渐降低的压坡结构。2.根据权利要求1所述的一种泄洪洞消能减蚀结构,其特征在于,消能减蚀段长度为L1,根据水跃长度公式得到:式中q为泄洪洞单宽流量,h1为跃前水深;消能减蚀段长度L1=(1.1~1.3)L。3.根据权利要求1所述的一种泄洪洞消能减...
【专利技术属性】
技术研发人员:夏鹏飞,霍倩倩,霍伟,夏盼雨,
申请(专利权)人:杨凌职业技术学院,
类型:发明
国别省市:陕西,61
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